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F. A. GARDNER.

COMPOUND STEAM ENGINE.

Patented June 11, 1889.

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I. A. GARDNER. COMPOUND STEAM ENGINE.

PatentedJmne 11, 1889.,

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Patented June 11, 1889,.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK A. GARDNER, OF CATSKILL, NEIV YORK, ASSIGNOR GARDNER & (30.,OF SAME PLACE.

TO F. A.

COMPOUND STEAM-ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 405,208, dated June 11,1889.

Application filed September 6, 1888. Serial No. 284,704. (No model.)

Be it known that I, FREDERICK A. GARD- NER, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Catskill, in the county of Greene and State of NewYork, have invented new and useful Improvements in CompoundSteam-Engines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to certain improvements in compoundsteam-engines, said improvements being set forth in the followingspecification and claim, and illustrated in the accompanying drawings,in which Figure 1 represents a longitudinal vertical section in theplane x m, Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a transverse vertical section in the plane3 y, Fig. 1, on a larger scale than the previous figure. Fig. 3 is asimilar section in the plane a 2, Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a side elevation ofthe valve-chamber detached. Fig. 5 is a transverse section of the samein the plane 0c as, Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a longitudinal vertical section inthe plane 11 y, Fig. 2.

Similar letters indicate corresponding parts.

In the drawings, the letter A designates a casing or frame for theengine. This engine consists of one or more primary steam-cylinders B BB and one or more secondary cylinders O C 0 and each pair of primary andsecondary cylinders is provided with its own valve-chamber, valve, andvalve-gear. In the example represented by the drawings I have shown anengine with three cylinders; but, as already indicated, my invention isapplicable to engines with one, two, 01' more cylinders.

D is the crank-shaft, which is provided with three cranks E E E set atone hundred and twenty degrees toward each other. The crank-shaft D isgeared together with a shaft F, on which are mounted the eccentrics G GG which impart motion to the steam-valves, as will be presently morefully explained.

In each of the secondary steam-cylinders C C 0 works a piston I I Iwhich is provided with an extension H H H that forms the piston for thecorresponding primary cylinder B B B and the pistons H I H I H I of eachpair of primary and secondary cylinders B 0 B O B C are connected to oneof the cranks E E E by a connecting-rod J J J The steam-valves K K ofthe cylinders B C B C are shown in Figs. 2 and 3; and I will here remarkthat the steam-valve of the cylinders B 0 which is illustrated in Fig. 6of the drawings, is in every respect the same as those of the cylindersB O B O. Said steam-valves K K are fitted into cylindricalvalve-chambers L L, detached views of one of which are shown in Figs. 4.and 5. These valve-chambers fit into casings M M, and they are providedwith flanges Z Z, which are depressed upon shoulders m m in said casingsby screw-caps N N. By removing these caps easy access can be had to thevalvechambers and to the valves. The casings M M are provided withsteam-chambers m" m and with storage-chambers m* m*, and they aresupplied with steam through ports m m while the steam escapes from thesame through the exhaust-ports m m The valve-chambers L L are providedwith a set of openings Z Z, which communicate with the steamchambers mm, respectively, and they are further provided with another set ofopenings Z* 1*, which communicate with the storagechambers m* m*,respectively. In said valvechambers are also formed two sets ofapertures Z Z and Z l respectively, the apertures Z Z being incommunication with ports I) b respectively, which lead into the primarysteam-cylinders B B, while the apertures l 1" communicate with ports 00, respectively, which lead into the secondary cylinders C C. Thesteam-chambers m" m m of the several cylinders are connected by channels0 0, (see Fig. 6,) and the storage-chambers 'm* m* 'm* by channels P P.

If the engine has only one cylinder, (in which case a heavy fly-wheelmust be used,) the primary cylinder B receives steam as soon as thevalve K reaches the position shown in Fig. 2, and when the piston hascompleted its down stroke and is carried up by the action of thefly-wheel the steam from the primary cylinder exhausts into thestorage-chamber m* as soon as the valve K in its upward movement opensthe communication between the port I) and the storage-chamber, as willbe readily understood by inspecting Fig. 3. Then the piston on its nextdownstroke reaches the position shown in Fig. 2, live steam passes intothe primary cylindei- B and the exhauststeam contained in thestorage-chamber m passes into the secondary cylinder 0, so that thesecon dary piston I is exposed to the action of the exhauststeam and thepower of the engine is increased.

If the engine has two or more cylinders, the steam-chambc m" m on andthe storagechambers wfi m m of which are connected and practically forma common storagechamber, as already explained, the 6Xl1LUSiJ-SiJGU11from each cylinder passes into this common storage-chamber, and eachprimary piston, when brought into the position shown in Fig. 2, isexposed to the action of live steam, while at the same time thecorresponding secondary cylinder is exposed to the action of theexl1aust-stcan1 from the common storage-chamber. At the same time, assoon as the crank F, Fig. has passed its upper center the primary pistonII of the cylinder 13 is exposed to the pressure of the exhaust-steamcontained in the common storage-chamber, so that power is obtained fromthe pistons II I and also from the piston H.

By providing a storage-chamber common to two or more cylinders I amenabled to produce more power than can be done in a multiple-cylindercompound engine in which no storage-chamber common to all the cylindersprovided,

\Vhat I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-- In asteam-engine, the combination, with a series of primary and secondarysteam-cylinders, their pistons, and a valve-chamber for each pair ofcylinders, said valve-chamber provided with two ports leading one intothe primary and the other into the secondary cylinder, of a easin gsurrounding each valve-chamber and provided with inlet and exhaustports,a live-steam chamber and a storage-steam chamber formed in each of saidcasings and communicating with the inclosed valve-chamber, channelsconnecting the live steam chambers and the storage-steam chambers of theseveral valve-chamber casings, and a valve located in the valve-chamberof each pair of primary and secondary cylinders for controllingcommunication between said cylinders and the live-steam chamber,storage-steam chamber, and exhaust-port, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand and seal in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

FREDERICK A. GARDNER. [0. s]

\Vitnesses:

Josnrn HALLOCK, llnunv D. SHORES.

